Canadian Citizenship Test

Canada’s Economy Flashcards

34 flashcards with the key facts of the chapter “Canada’s Economy”. Turn a card to see the answer.

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What percentage of working Canadians are employed in service industries?

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  1. 1
    What percentage of working Canadians are employed in service industries?
    Show answer
    More than 75%.
    Service industries include thousands of different jobs in areas like transportation, education, health care, construction, banking, communications, retail services, tourism and government.
  2. 2
    What are the three main types of industries in Canada's economy?
    Show answer
    • Service industries
    • Manufacturing industries
    • Natural resources industries
    These industries have played a significant role in the country's history and development, with the service sector now being the largest employer.
  3. 3
    Who is Canada's largest international trading partner?
    Show answer
    The United States.
    The United States is Canada's largest trading partner: in 2025, about 72% of Canada's merchandise exports went to the U.S. (Statistics Canada).
  4. 4
    In what year did Mexico join Canada and the United States in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)?
    Show answer
    1994
    Canada had previously enacted free trade with the United States in 1988 before Mexico became a partner in the broader NAFTA agreement.
  5. 5
    What does the Peace Arch at the Washington border symbolize, and what is inscribed on it?
    Show answer
    It symbolizes the close ties and common interests between Canada and the U.S. It is inscribed with the words "children of a common mother" and "brethren dwelling together in unity."
    The arch is located at Blaine, Washington, on what is traditionally known as "the world's longest undefended border."
  6. 6
    What is described as the 'engine of economic growth' for Canada?
    Show answer
    Commerce and trade are described as the engine of Canada's economic growth.
    The guide states, 'Canada has always been a trading nation and commerce remains the engine of economic growth.' This emphasizes the importance of trade to the country's prosperity.
  7. 7
    According to the 2008 figures in the guide, what was the value of merchandise trade within the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)?
    Show answer
    The merchandise trade within NAFTA was over $1 trillion in 2008.
    This large figure demonstrates the economic scale of the free trade agreement between Canada, the United States, and Mexico.
  8. 8
    In which year did Canada enact its original free trade agreement with the United States, before Mexico joined?
    Show answer
    Canada enacted free trade with the United States in 1988.
    This bilateral agreement was later expanded in 1994 to include Mexico, creating the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
  9. 9
    What are two examples of Canada's natural resources industries mentioned in the guide?
    Show answer
    Any two of the following are correct: forestry, fishing, agriculture, mining, and energy.
    These industries have been historically important for Canada's development and still form a large part of its exports.
  10. 10
    What title is traditionally used to describe the Canada-U.S.A. border, reflecting its safety?
    Show answer
    It is known as 'the world's longest undefended border.'
    This highlights the peaceful relationship and close ties between Canada and the United States.
  11. 11
    Name two examples of jobs found within Canada's service industries.
    Show answer
    Any two of these are correct: transportation, education, health care, construction, banking, communications, retail services, tourism, and government.
    Service industries are the largest part of Canada's economy, employing over 75% of working Canadians.
  12. 12
    Which Canadian industry is responsible for making products like high technology equipment, automobiles, and food for sale in Canada and around the world?
    Show answer
    The manufacturing industries.
    While service industries employ more people, manufacturing is a critical part of Canada's economy, especially for trade with the United States.
  13. 13
    What is a key characteristic of the Canada-U.S.A. supply chains that allows them to compete with the rest of the world?
    Show answer
    They are highly integrated.
    The guide highlights that 'Integrated Canada-U.S.A. supply chains compete with the rest of the world,' emphasizing the close economic cooperation between the two countries.
  14. 14
    In 2008, approximately how many people were included within the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) economic zone?
    Show answer
    Over 444 million people.
    NAFTA, which included Canada, the United States, and Mexico, created a massive free-trade zone with a population exceeding 444 million by 2008.
  15. 15
    Name three types of manufactured products that Canada produces to sell both domestically and internationally.
    Show answer
    Any three of: paper, high technology equipment, aerospace technology, automobiles, machinery, food, or clothing.
    Canada's manufacturing industries produce a wide range of goods for both the Canadian market and for export around the world.
  16. 16
    What type of commodities makes up a large percentage of Canada's exports?
    Show answer
    Natural resource commodities.
    The guide notes that 'a large percentage of Canada's exports are natural resources commodities,' highlighting the ongoing importance of industries like forestry, fishing, mining, and energy to the nation's trade.
  17. 17
    Globally, where does Canada's economy rank in terms of size according to the guide?
    Show answer
    It is one of the ten largest economies in the world.
    Canada's economic significance is highlighted by its position among the world's top economies and its membership in the G7 group of leading industrialized countries (the G8 until Russia's suspension in 2014).
  18. 18
    Name four of the five natural resources industries listed in the guide.
    Show answer
    Any four of the following:
    • Forestry
    • Fishing
    • Agriculture
    • Mining
    • Energy
    These industries have been historically significant to Canada's development and continue to be vital to the economy of many regions, forming a large part of its exports.
  19. 19
    What is one of the two phrases inscribed on the Peace Arch at the Washington border?
    Show answer
    Either "children of a common mother" or "brethren dwelling together in unity."
    The Peace Arch, located at Blaine, Washington, commemorates the peaceful relationship between Canada and the United States, symbolized by these two inscriptions.
  20. 20
    Besides general categories like high technology equipment, what specific Canadian technology product is mentioned in the guide as an example of a manufactured good?
    Show answer
    The RIM BlackBerry.
    The guide uses the BlackBerry as a concrete example of Canada's output in the high-technology manufacturing sector.
  21. 21
    According to the guide, what would Canadians be unable to maintain without engaging in trade with other nations?
    Show answer
    Canadians could not maintain their standard of living without engaging in trade with other nations.
    The guide opens by stating that commerce is the 'engine of economic growth' and that the Canadian standard of living is dependent on international trade.
  22. 22
    Which of Canada's three main industries has played a particularly important part in the country's history and development?
    Show answer
    The natural resources industries (including forestry, fishing, agriculture, mining, and energy) have played an important part in the country's history and development.
  23. 23
    In which U.S. state is the Peace Arch, a symbol of Canada-U.S. relations, located?
    Show answer
    The Peace Arch is located at Blaine in the State of Washington.
    The Peace Arch is inscribed with the words 'children of a common mother' and 'brethren dwelling together in unity' to symbolize the close ties between Canada and the USA.
  24. 24
    Beyond being a large part of Canada's exports, what ongoing economic importance do natural resources industries have for many areas of the country?
    Show answer
    The economy of many areas of the country still depends on developing natural resources.
    The guide states that while historically important, these industries remain crucial today as the economies of many regions rely on the development of natural resources like forestry, mining, and energy.
  25. 25
    Canada exports billions of dollars worth of goods to the U.S. annually. Name four distinct categories of these exported goods mentioned in the guide.
    Show answer
    Any four of the following:
    • Energy products
    • Industrial goods
    • Machinery / equipment
    • Automotive, agricultural, fishing and forestry products
    • Consumer goods
    The guide highlights the vast trade relationship with the U.S. by listing the diverse range of goods that Canada exports to its southern neighbor.
  26. 26
    The guide lists several examples of manufactured goods. Name one product mentioned for each of the following categories: transportation, technology, and a basic consumer good.
    Show answer
    Transportation: automobiles. Technology: high technology equipment or aerospace technology. Consumer good: food or clothing.
    Canada's manufacturing industries create a diverse range of products to sell both within Canada and to international partners like the United States.
  27. 27
    According to the guide, the Peace Arch is inscribed with the phrase "brethren dwelling together in unity." What is the other phrase inscribed on the monument?
    Show answer
    "children of a common mother"
    These two inscriptions on the Peace Arch, located at the Washington border, symbolize the close ties and common interests between Canada and the United States.
  28. 28
    Which of Canada's three main industries provides jobs in areas like health care, education, and tourism?
    Show answer
    The Service industries.
    The guide states that service industries provide thousands of different jobs in areas like transportation, education, health care, construction, banking, communications, retail services, tourism and government.
  29. 29
    Based on the guide, name one specific example of an economic activity or product for each of Canada's three main industry types:
    • Service
    • Manufacturing
    • Natural Resources
    Show answer
    Examples include:
    • Service: Banking or tourism
    • Manufacturing: Automobiles or paper
    • Natural Resources: Forestry or mining
    The guide provides a list of examples for each of the three main industry types in the Canadian economy. The question requires recalling one example from each category.
  30. 30
    What fundamental economic activity, described in the guide as the 'engine of economic growth' for Canada, is directly facilitated by locations such as the Port of Vancouver?
    Show answer
    Commerce and trade with other nations.
    The guide identifies commerce as the engine of economic growth and highlights Canada's status as a trading nation. Ports like Vancouver are critical hubs for this international trade.
  31. 31
    Which of the three main Canadian industries provides jobs in areas like construction, banking, and communications?
    Show answer
    The Service industries.
    The service sector is the largest part of Canada's economy, employing more than 75% of working Canadians in a wide variety of roles.
  32. 32
    In 1994, which country joined the free trade agreement between Canada and the United States, and what was the resulting agreement named?
    Show answer
    Mexico joined to create the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
    The original 1988 free trade agreement between Canada and the U.S. was expanded to include Mexico in 1994, creating a large trilateral trade bloc.
  33. 33
    The guide states that integrated supply chains between two specific countries compete with the rest of the world. Which two countries share these integrated supply chains?
    Show answer
    Canada and the U.S.A.
    The economies of Canada and the United States are highly integrated, with shared supply chains for many industries which enhances their global competitiveness.
  34. 34
    Which of Canada's three main industry types includes activities such as aerospace technology, automobiles, and food production?
    Show answer
    The Manufacturing industries.
    Manufacturing industries make products to sell in Canada and around the world, and our largest international trading partner is the United States.